Diet for pancreatitis of the pancreas - menu for a week, a day.TOP 33 food products

Inflammation of the pancreas is a common disease, affecting approximately 9 million people worldwide.Most often, pancreatitis develops in the prime of life - between the ages of 30 and 40 years.Why does the pancreas become inflamed, how is pancreatitis treated, and how should you change your diet?

Inflammation of the pancreas: causes and consequences

Most often, inflammation of the pancreas, or pancreatitis, develops as a result of alcohol abuse or gallstone disease.Less commonly, the causes of the inflammatory process are injuries, infections (including cytomegalovirus, hepatitis B, herpes simplex virus, mycoplasmosis, salmonellosis, leptospirosis), tumors and other pathologies.In addition, it has been established that acute pancreatitis can also develop due to high levels of lipids or calcium in the blood.Smoking also increases risks.

The likelihood of developing pancreatitis also increases when treated with certain medications, in particular statins (lowering cholesterol levels in the blood), ACE inhibitors (hypotensive), oral contraceptives, valproic acid and others.

There are two types of pancreatitis: acute and chronic.

Acute inflammation is characterized by pronounced symptoms:

• Severe pain in the left hypochondrium, radiating to the lower back or encircling;
• Fever;
• Nausea, vomiting.

Chronic pancreatitis occurs more mildly - most often patients complain of discomfort in the left half of the abdomen, nausea, weight loss, fatty stools, and diarrhea.

Complications and prognosis of pancreatitis largely depend on its type and severity.In acute conditions, shock, dehydration, increased blood glucose levels, and renal failure may develop.Sometimes acute pancreatitis leads to damage to the respiratory system.

Among the late complications, the most dangerous is necrosis (death of cells) of the gland.In addition, it is known that chronic pancreatitis increases the risk of developing pancreatic cancer.

Treatment of pancreatitis: the main thing is diet!

Treatment for pancreatic inflammation depends on its severity.Analgesics are used to relieve pain.In case of dehydration, rehydration therapy is prescribed, and sometimes antibiotics are used in acute pancreatitis.However, the leading role in the treatment of pancreatitis is played by diet, which depends on the type of inflammation and its severity.

Diet for acute pancreatitis is the key to recovery and minimizing the consequences.As a rule, until the condition improves, fasting is recommended, that is, complete exclusion of both food and drink.To restore the water-salt balance, sodium chloride solutions and others are administered intravenously.“Hungry” tactics are due to the fact that when food enters the digestive tract, the pancreas begins to produce digestive enzymes, and this, in turn, can lead to an exacerbation of pain and a deterioration in the general condition of the patient.

However, recent research suggests that early initiation of nutrition in moderate acute pancreatitis may be safe and, moreover, may improve treatment outcomes.Of course, dietary restrictions must be observed, as with chronic inflammation of the pancreas.

Treatment of severe acute pancreatitis can lead to the development of multiple organ failure and other serious complications.The patient is necessarily hospitalized in a hospital, most often in the intensive care unit, where he is prescribed complex treatment.In acute severe pancreatitis, the patient receives nutrition parenterally, that is, with the help of drugs administered intravenously.

Treatment of chronic pancreatitis is based primarily on strict adherence to diet.

Why follow a diet for pancreatitis?

Primary goals of dietary restrictions for pancreatic inflammation include:

• Preventing nutrient deficiencies;
• Maintaining normal glycemic levels (excluding hyper- or hypoglycemia);
• Compensation for diseases that often accompany chronic pancreatitis - diabetes, renal dysfunction and others;
• Preventing episodes of acute pancreatitis.

The menu for pancreatitis is selected in such a way that it includes foods that are easily broken down and digested, requiring a minimum amount of digestive enzymes.In addition, foods should not increase blood glucose levels.

Diet for pancreatitis: what to eat when the pancreas is inflamed

The main dietary changes that need to be followed by patients with pancreatitis:

1. Stop smoking.Smoking contributes to the deterioration of pancreatic function and also increases the risk of developing cancer.
2. Eat at least 5-6 times a day in small portions.
3. Maintain hydration: drink at least 2 liters of water per day (for pancreatitis, tea, juices, water, compotes are allowed).

The basis of the diet that patients with chronic pancreatitis must follow is maintaining protein levels (normally from 100 to 120 g per day), sharply limiting fat content (from 60-70 g per day to 30 g in some cases), as well as excluding from the diet foods rich in substances that stimulate the secretion of pancreatic juice.In addition, it is important to reduce carbohydrate intake to 250-300 g per day, and above all, simple, “heavy” carbohydrates - sugar, white flour.If a patient suffers from diabetes, doctors sometimes recommend completely eliminating simple carbohydrates from the diet for a certain period of time.

In cases where a person loses weight, he may be prescribed a hypercaloric diet - up to 5000 calories per day.

Diet, or Table No. 5 for pancreatitis

In medicine, patients with pancreatitis are prescribed table No. 5p in accordance with the classification of the therapist, one of the leading scientists in the field of nutrition.He is the author of a dietary nutrition system that includes 15 regimens that are prescribed for certain diseases during periods of exacerbation and remission.

Table No. 5a is designed for patients with chronic pancreatitis.Main characteristics of this mode:

• Caloric intake no more than 2000 calories per day (reduced);
• Carbohydrates, primarily complex, 200 grams;
• Proteins 100-120 grams;
• Fats no more than 80 grams, including 30% animal fats;
• Liquid 1.5-2 liters per day.

Table No. 5a implies limiting both plant and animal products that stimulate the activity of the pancreas.

What not to eat if you have pancreatitis

• Roast;
• Spices, smoked meats;
• Alcohol;
• Fatty meat;
• Vegetables rich in fiber - beans, radishes, turnips, garlic;
• Ice cream;
• Products that can lead to the development of allergies;
• Flour products made from premium flour (pasta, white bread, butter pastries, puff pastry pastries);
• Trans fats (margarine), including in confectionery products;
• Mayonnaise;
• Dishes in fast food restaurants.

In addition, the category of prohibited foods for pancreatitis includes green onions, sorrel, mushrooms, liver, hot spices - horseradish, pepper, mustard, bite, cocoa, coffee, chocolate, tomato juice, fried eggs.

Given the focus on low fat intake, some foods may be consumed in strictly limited quantities.

So, you should not eat more than 50-70 g of butter per day, eggs (in the form of an omelet, steamed or boiled) no more than 2-3 times a week, cheese in small quantities, not spicy and preferably low-fat.It is better to satisfy the need for fats through foods rich in omega-3 acids - herring, red fish, salmon caviar.The amount of salt consumed should be reduced to 10 g per day.

The products allowed for consumption for pancreatitis in accordance with table No. 5a include:

• Low-fat or low-fat dairy products;
• Boiled, baked and stewed lean meat (beef, veal, turkey, chicken, rabbit);
• Fish;
• Vegetables and fruits (except for legumes, green vegetables);
• Sauerkraut;
• Vegetable soups;
• Cereals, including in the form of flakes;
• Honey, jam, jelly;
• Yesterday's rye bread;
• Baked goods made from grade 1-2 flour, not tasty.Possibly stuffed with cottage cheese, boiled fish, lean meat, apples;
• Crackers;
• Biscuit.

Mediterranean diet for pancreatitis

In the West, the above dietary classification is rarely used.For pancreatitis, many doctors recommend using the so-called Mediterranean diet, which is considered one of the most effective for reducing the risk of many diseases, including cardiovascular and gastrointestinal ones.

The Mediterranean diet includes foods that are eaten by residents of Italy, Greece, and Cyprus.The basis of the diet is plant foods - vegetables, fruits, whole grains.

Saturated animal fats (including those found in full-fat dairy products and meat) are replaced with unsaturated fats, which are found primarily in olive oil.

The amount of salt is reduced to a minimum, replacing it with spices or herbs.They also limit the consumption of any red meat - it is eaten no more than several times a month.The need for fats and proteins is satisfied through poultry, fish and seafood, which are consumed at least twice a week.

The Mediterranean diet used for chronic pancreatitis necessarily includes low-fat yogurt and cheeses, as well as cereals, including whole grains.

Diet for pancreatitis: for a day, for a week

Now let’s move from theory to practice and try to create menu options and figure out whether it is possible to include fruits, vegetables and other products in the diet for pancreatitis.

The daily diet of a patient with chronic pancreatitis should include:

• 250-300 g of whole grain products;
• Two medium-sized fruits;
• About 800 g of various vegetables;
• 15 grams of nuts;
• 150 grams of animal proteins (fish);
• 250 ml or 60 grams of low-fat dairy products.

The weekly menu for pancreatitis should contain:

• three servings of sea fish;
• No more than two servings of beef or young lamb;
• Three servings of eggs, preferably as an omelet;
• Three to four servings of chicken or turkey;
• Three to four servings of nuts or seeds;
• One or two servings of sweets (dried fruits, complex carbohydrates);
• Four to six servings of legumes.

The last point is questionable among some experts.So, table No. 5a excludes legumes from the diet for chronic pancreatitis.However, due to the high content of unsaturated fatty acids, vegetable protein, minerals, and vitamins in these products, many gastroenterologists believe that beans, lentils, and peas should be an indispensable component of the diet for pancreatitis in remission.

Leading products for pancreatitis

Top 8 fruits

1. Blackberry.Berries rich in vitamins C, K, B vitamins, manganese, copper, potassium and other nutrients.
2. Cherry.Low-calorie fruit containing many nutrients.Recommended for inclusion in the diet if necessary to reduce body weight.Helps reduce the severity of inflammatory processes and improve sleep.
3. Watermelon.Contains vital vitamins, including group B, ascorbic acid, as well as minerals (potassium, magnesium, manganese and others).
4. Prunes.It has a low glycemic index, helps reduce the level of “bad” cholesterol in the blood, and improves digestion.One of the ideal fruits to include in a diet for pancreatitis.
5. Red grapes.The polyphenols it contains help control body weight and prevent the development of obesity, as well as type 2 diabetes.Can be included in the diet as part of a salad containing grapes, boiled chicken and walnut kernels.
6. Mango.Contains healthy fiber, vitamin C, macro- and microelements, and above all iron, calcium, potassium and magnesium.Helps normalize glycemia and control blood sugar levels.Mango is included in recipes for various dietary salads that can be consumed for pancreatitis.
7. Apples.They are high in fiber and help reduce inflammation and normalize digestion.Useful both baked and fresh.
8. Pomegranate.Pomegranate contains a lot of fiber, potassium, iron, vitamins C and K.

Top 7 vegetables for chronic pancreatitis

1. Beet.Source of vitamins and minerals, rich in fiber.Helps normalize digestion, improve the functioning of the hepato-biliary tract and heart.
2. Broccoli.A unique vegetable, one of the few sources of folic acid.Just one cup of boiled broccoli contains a daily dose of ascorbic acid and vitamin K. Prevents the development of cancerous tumors.Normalizes digestion.
3. Spinach.Improves the body's immune response, helps normalize glycemia, and prevents the development of cancer.

Ideal as part of a salad with mango and nut grains.

4. Curly cabbage.Reduces the severity of inflammation, promotes the elimination of toxins, and prevents the development of cancerous tumors.
5. Salads.As part of a diet for pancreatitis, you can use various green salads.It is better to choose dark leaf salads - they contain more vitamins and microelements.
6. Sweet potato.Rich in vitamins A, C, B6, B12, as well as minerals, especially calcium, magnesium and iron.Can be eaten raw, boiled or baked.
7. Carrot.One of the main sources of beta-carotene.Helps improve digestion and immune response.As part of the diet for pancreatitis, raw carrots, boiled carrots, and carrot juice can be consumed.

Top 6 grains for pancreatitis

According to research, the content of whole grains in the diet during inflammation of the pancreas should be increased, since they have a beneficial effect on the condition of the organ.

1. Brown riceBy replacing traditional white rice with it, you can reduce the risk of developing diabetes by up to 15% or more.Rich in fiber and manganese, these grains are high in calories, so portion size should be controlled when consuming them.
2. Buckwheat.Rich in proteins, antioxidants and fiber, buckwheat is highly digestible.Recommended as part of dietary nutrition, including for pancreatitis.
3. Corn grits.Fine corn grits (polenta) settles well.Gluten free.
4. Millet.High in fiber and gluten free.Well absorbed.Contains a number of nutrients, including B vitamins, vitamin E, calcium, zinc, iodine, magnesium, as well as proteins and starch.
5. Tef.A widely used grain crop in Ethiopia, it is rich in iron.Helps reduce body weight, improve immune defense, and digestion.You can use teff flour to make flatbreads, porridge and other dishes as part of a diet for pancreatitis.
6. Amaranth.Rich in fiber, protein and microelements.Gluten free.Helps improve digestion, reduce inflammation and reduce the risk of developing diabetes.It is recommended to replace oatmeal, white rice and pasta made from premium flour with amaranth.

Top 5 nuts and seeds for pancreatitis diet

1. Almond.Rich in protein, vitamins and minerals, nuts help control glycemia and promote weight loss.However, you should take into account their calorie content and do not consume more than one serving per day.
2. Walnuts.They contain beneficial omega-3 acids and help maintain healthy blood vessels, heart and brain.They are high in calories.
3. Sunflower seeds.A source of B vitamins, vitamin E, as well as magnesium and the famous antioxidant selenium.Provide the body with essential fatty acids and amino acids.Also, like the previous two products, they have a high calorie content.
4. Pumpkin seeds.Contains unsaturated healthy fats and fiber.As part of a diet for pancreatitis, it can be used in salads or simply mixed with low-fat yogurt.
5. Pistachios.Helps reduce “bad” cholesterol levels and help reduce body weight.It is recommended to consume in small quantities due to its high calorie content.

Top 4 Protein Sources

1. Bird.Chicken and turkey are some of the best sources of protein.In order not to increase the calorie content of this dietary meat, it is better to steam, bake or boil it.

2. Fish and seafood.The most valuable are red fish - salmon, pink salmon, trout, rich in omega-3 essential fatty acids, which contribute to the normal functioning of the cardiovascular system and brain.
3. Eggs.Rich in protein and amino acids.As part of a diet for pancreatitis, it is recommended to use it for dietary baking (for example, pancakes), as well as preparing omelettes.
4. Legumes.Sources of protein, plant fiber.Due to their low fat content, they are suitable for use in the diet for pancreatitis.Help control blood glucose levels and promote weight loss.Some legumes, such as lentils, contain an enzyme that the pancreas produces to break down fats - lipase.

Product list: top 3 sources of fat for pancreatitis

1. Greek yogurt.It is recommended to choose low-fat or fat-free varieties that do not contain sugar or sweeteners.Thanks to the content of beneficial bacteria, it helps to normalize intestinal function and increase the immune response.
2. Cottage cheese.A source of calcium, B vitamins, low-fat cottage cheese is an invariable component of the diet for pancreatitis.Can be consumed with nuts and fruits.

3. Kefir.It has a high content of lacto- and bifidobacteria, helps improve intestinal function, normalize the immune response, and also replenishes calcium and protein reserves.It is recommended to use low-fat kefir.

Vitamins and minerals

With chronic pancreatitis, the absorption of nutrients in the intestine may be impaired, as well as metabolic processes may be activated, resulting in an increased risk of vitamin and mineral deficiency.To monitor the condition of patients, the doctor may regularly order laboratory tests to determine the level of vital nutrients.Based on their results, along with a specialized diet for chronic pancreatitis, multivitamins and minerals in medications can be recommended.